Saksagan
The Strength of Constantinople’s Walls
As an inscription on the fortifications of Constantinople proudly declared, the city’s walls were not just any walls—they were extraordinarily strong. The inscription, which...
A Natural Disaster and a Dangerous Time
The walls of Constantinople, though strong, soon suffered serious damage—not from an invading army, but from a powerful force of nature. In the year...
Widespread Social Unrest
Everywhere in the Ottoman Empire, social life is in a sad state. We hear about riots and killings in many places. In Albania and...
Rising Tensions Between Bulgaria and Turkey
The cause of conflict in the Balkans often begins with Turkey, though it is rarely admitted. Bulgarian fighters sometimes cross the Turkish border. When...
Trouble Brewing in Macedonia
The situation in Macedonia, also called Eastern Rumelia on some maps, is growing worse each year. Sadly, this crisis has not attracted much attention...
Use and Study of Turkish Gemstones in Jewelry and Prayer Beads
Fashion Trends and Gemstone Preferences
In today’s fast-changing jewelry market, companies must constantly adapt to new fashion trends and consumer preferences. This also applies to...
Authentic Semi-Precious and Precious Gemstones of Turkey
Special Emphasis on the Ones Preferred for Prayer Beads
Turkey is renowned for its rich geological diversity, which has led to the discovery of various...
The Fall of the Communist Regime in Bulgaria
The Beginning of the End On 10 November 1989, Todor Zhivkov, who ruled Bulgaria for over 30 years as the Secretary General of the...
Dividing the Macedonian Population
It’s difficult to say whether a specific Macedonian village is Bulgarian or Greek. The populations are mixed. Some Bulgarians speak Greek, while some Greeks...
The Divided Population of Macedonia
In Macedonia, there is no clear majority group. The population includes Bulgars, Greeks, and Turks, with each group claiming to be the largest. In...
